- A Group of Writers (2013a). MOALEMATO ZAYED LELGHAVAED AL-FAGHIH VA AL-OSULIAH (Volume 3). Abu Dhabi: Zayed Charitable & Humanitarian Foundation. [Arabic]
- A Group of Writers (2013b). MOALEMATO ZAYED LELGHAVAED AL-FAGHIH VA AL-OSULIAH (Volume 4). Abu Dhabi: Zayed Charitable & Humanitarian Foundation. [Arabic]
- Acton HB, Watkins JWN (1963). Negative utilitarianism. Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume. 37(1):83-114.
- Al-Bouti MSR (2018). ZAVABET AL-MASLAHA FI SHARIAT AL-ISLAMIA. Lebanon: RISALA Foundation. [Arabic]
- Al-Ghazali AH (2014). AL-MUSTASFA MEN ILM AL-USUL. 3rd edition. Omar AMM, editor. Beirut: DAR AL-KOTOB AL-ILMIYAH. [Arabic]
- Al-Khorasani MK (2022). KIFAYAT AL-USUL. Al-Zarei Al-Sabzewari AA, editor. Qom: Bustan Ketab Publications. [Arabic]
- Al-Risoni A (1997). The goals of religion from Shatabi's point of view. 1st edition. Eslami H, Abhari MH, translators. Qom: Islamic Propaganda Office of Qom Seminary. [Persian]
- Al-Risoni A (2010). MADKHAL ELA MAQASID AL-SHARIA. 1st edition. Cairo: DAR AL-KALEMAT LELNASHR VA AL-TOZIE. [Arabic]
- Al-Risoni A (2014). MOHAZERAT AL-MAQASID AL-SHARIA. 3rd edition. Cairo: DAR ALKALEMAT LELNASHR VA AL-TOZIE. [Arabic]
- Al-Shatibi AIIBM (1997). AL-MUWAFAQAT (Volume 2). 1st edition. Al-Salman MIH, editor. Cairo: DAR IBN AFFAN. [Arabic]
- Al-Shatibi AIIBM (2000). AL-ETISAM (Volume 3). 1st edition. Bahrain: MAKTABAT ALTOWHID. [Arabic]
- Brandt RB (1959). Ethical theory: The problems of normative and critical ethics (Chapter 15). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
- Driver J (2012). Consequentialism. 1st edition. London: Routledge.
- Driver J (2014). The history of utilitarianism. Stanford: The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
- Frankena WK (2013). Ethics. 4th edition. Sadeghi H, translator. Qom: Taha Publications. [Persian]
- Hallaq WB (1997). A history of Islamic legal theories: An introduction to Sunni Usul al-Fiqh. 1st edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Harsanyi JC (1985). Rule utilitarianism, equality, and justice. Social Philosophy and Policy. 2(2):115-127.
- Hobbollah H (2019). FIQH AL-MASLAHAH. 1st edition. Beirut: DAR RAWAFED. [Arabic]
- Ibn Ashour MT (2004). MAGASID AL-SHARIA AL-ISLAMIAH (Volume 2). Ibn Al-Khoja MAH, editor. Qatar: Ministries of Endowments and Islamic Affairs. [Arabic]
- Kant I (2022). Foundation for the metaphysics of ethics. 2nd edition. Ahmadi A, translator. Tehran: Samt Publications. [Persian]
- Masoud MK (2015). The philosophy of Islamic law. 1st edition. Zafari MR, Asghari Aqhamshahdi F, translators. Qom: Islamic Sciences and Culture Academy. [Persian]
- Mill JS (2019). Utilitarianism. 8th edition. Mardiha M, translator. Tehran: Ney Publishing. [Persian]
- Mirza Al-Qumi MH (2018). GHAVANIN AL-USUL. 1st edition. Qom: AL AL-BAYT AL-EHYA ALTURAS. [Arabic]
- Mulgan T (2021). An introduction to the understanding of utilitarianism. 1st edition. Khodapanah B, translator. Qom: Taha Publications. [Persian]
- Ouda J (2018). MAQASID AL-SHARIA for beginners. 1st edition. Mahmoudi M, translator. Tehran: Ehsan Publications. [Persian]
- Pojman LP, Fieser J (2011). Ethics: Discovering right and wrong. 7th edition. Boston: Wadsworth Publishing.
- Popper K (2017). The open society and its enemies. 5th edition. Fooladvand I, translator. Tehran: Kharazmi Publications. [Persian]
- Qarzawi Y (2000). Principles of political jurisprudence. 1st edition. Salimi AA, translator. Tehran: Ehsan Publications. [Persian]
- Qarzawi Y (2013). Research on the jurisprudence of the MAGASID AL-SHARIA. 1st edition. Shafeii A, Asaadi SR, translators. Tehran: Ehsan Publications. [Persian]
- Rawls J (2021). A theory of justice. 5th edition. Nouri M, translator. Tehran: Markaz Publications. [Persian]
- Shafer-Landau R (2022). Living ethics: An introduction with readings (modern ethics: Ethical theories). 1st edition. Fanaei A, Abbas Nejad I, translators. Tehran: Soroosh-e Mowlana Publications. [Persian]
- Smart JJC (1956). Extreme and restricted utilitarianism. Philosophical Quarterly. 6(25):344-354.
- Smart RN (1958). Negative utilitarianism. Mind. 67(268):542-543.
- Suyuti JADAAR (1983). AL-ASHBAH WA AL-NAZAER FE AL-NAHV. Beirut: DAR AL-KUTUB ALILMIYYAH. [Arabic]
- Taskhiri MA (2010). Al-GHAVAED AL-OSULIAH VALFAGHIH (Taskhiri). Tehran: The World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought. [Arabic]
- Tavakkoli Gh (2023). Consequentialist ethics. 1st edition. Tehran: Negah Moaser Publications. [Persian]
- Warburton N (1999). Philosophy: The basics. 3rd edition. London: Routledge.
- West HR (2013). J. S. Mill. In: Crisp R, editor. The Oxford handbook of the history of ethics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 527-543.