Three Modes of the Problem of Evil

Document Type : Original Research

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Abstract
Much has been written about the various forms of the problem of evil, such as the distinction between the logical and evidential versions. However, it is also worthy to attend to the different modes of the problem of evil. Here, I illustrate how we can distinguish three modes of the problem of evil: curiosity, decision, and challenge. In other words, the question of the relationship between God and the evils of the world can be understood in three modes: as a curiosity question, a decision question, and a challenge question. After introducing these three modes, I use several examples to show that attending to these different modes is useful and illuminating for understanding and evaluating positions on the problem of evil. By considering these different modes, we can better understand some familiar distinctions, articulate more clearly certain differences among various responses to the problem of evil, and evaluate some arguments more comprehensively.

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Volume 6, Issue 3
Summer 2026

  • Receive Date 01 July 2026
  • Revise Date 12 August 2026
  • Accept Date 23 August 2026
  • Publish Date 23 July 2026